TWI Digital Library

Friction stir welding developments, equipment, and applications for the joining of aluminium alloys, particularly for automotive applications, are reviewed. Body in white automotive applications include aluminium alloy tailor welded blanks and the m…

Stress corrosion cracking in friction stir welded aluminium alloy joints was investigated using two alternative techniques. Aluminium alloy 7050-T7541 (Al, 5.7-6.7%Zn, 2.0-2.6%Cu, 1.9-2.6%Mg, 0.15%Fe, 0.12%Si) plate of 6.35 mm (0.25 in) thickness wa…

This paper describes the goals and initial progress of the research project titled "qualification of micro friction stir spot welding for cell-internal contacting of large-format battery cells in a battery production environment (μKoBatt)", which…

The feasibility of friction stir welding TIMETAL 21S beta titanium in the annealed condition was investigated. The composition of the alloy is Ti, 14-16%Mo, 2.4-3.2%Nb, 2.5-3.5%Al, 0.15-0.25%Si, max.0.4%Fe, 0.11-0.17%O, max.0.05%C, max.0.05%N, max.0…

In order to develop a method for microjoining by friction stir welding (FSW), micro-FSW trials were conducted on Mg alloy AZ31 (2.97%Al, 0.83%Zn) thin sheets (0.4 mm thickness), and the welding performance was assessed. The micro-FSW system incorpor…

A three-dimensional thermomechanical model of the friction stir welding of aluminium alloy was developed, based on the finite element method, to predict temperature and stress distributions in the workpiece, residual stresses, and the stresses exper…

The design of a polycrystalline cubic boron nitride friction stir welding tool, tool holder and machine for use with high melting temperature materials is described. A polycrystalline cubic boron nitride truncated cone tool tip, capable of working a…

Friction stir welds were made in 4 mm thick sheets of aluminium alloys 2024-T3 and 6013-T6. The stress intensity factor due to residual stresses was determined using the cut compliance method. The residual stress distribution was calculated using th…

Microstructural examination and a root bend test were used to examine the results of friction stir welding in dissimilar welds of aluminium alloys A-5083 (Al, 4.5%Mg) and A-6N01 (Al, 0.6%Mg, 0.65%Si) of thickness 4 mm. Optimum welding parameters (to…

Artificial Intelligence algorithms based on machine learning approaches have recently found application in joining and welding, e.g., for the optimization of process parameters or the prediction of resulting mechanical properties. The importance of …

With regard to inconsistencies in the literature concerning the correlation between friction stir welding (FSW) process inputs and post weld process or material response, an investigation is presented into the primary variables (temperature, cooling…

Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a relatively new technique which utilizes frictional heating combined with a forging pressure to produce virtually defect-free high strength bonds. Although considerable experimental work has been reported in the liter…

Friction stir lap diffusion welding was employed to fabricate dissimilar AA 6060 aluminium alloy/mild steel joints and mechanical testing and metallurgical examination of the weldments were undertaken to investigate the effect of microstructure form…

An finite element method (FEM) model, considering variables such as tensioning level, heat input and sheet geometry but ignoring mechanical tool effects, was developed to investigate the efficacy of the mechanical tensioning technique for controllin…

SiC particle reinforced 2124Al metal matrix composite (MMC) plates (thickness 8 mm) were joined by friction stir welding (FSW) and the relationship between process parameters, weld defect formation and joint mechanical properties was investigated. T…

The microstructures and strengthening mechanisms during friction stir processing (FSP) of AZ91 (Mg, 9%Al, 1%Zn) die-cast and Mg-Y-Zn (Mg, 5.9%Y, 2.6%Zn and Mg, 5.5%Y, 4.3%Zn) cast alloys were investigated and the effect of second phase particle disp…

The relationship between microstructure and properties in friction stir welding was studied. The effects of grain size, particle size and distribution, and dislocation density on weld strength in friction stir welds in work-hardenable Al alloy AA 52…

The mechanical properties and microstructures of friction stir butt welds in 6.4 mm and 12.7 mm thickness quenched and tempered martensitic steel plate were compared with those of GMA butt welds in the same parent metal. The friction stir welds in t…

The tensile and fatigue strength of friction stir welds were determined for aluminium alloy 6082 in various temper conditions. Plate of 5.8 mm thickness, in both T6 and T4 conditions, was welded using a tool speed of 1000 rev/min and a welding speed…

The effects of friction stir welding process parameters (tool rotation speed and travel speed) on defects and mechanical properties in welds in aluminium alloys were investigated. Microstructural, macrostructural and mechanical properties of the wel…