TWI Digital Library

Bobbin-tool friction stir welding (BT-FSW) is a variant process of conventional friction stir welding with a particular tool configuration composed of an additional lower shoulder, enabling additional heat input and complete penetration of the pin. …

3-point fatigue bending tests and finite element method simulations were employed to study the fatigue performance of combined lap-butt joints fabricated by friction stir welding in 6005A-T6 alloy (Al, 0.61%Si, 0.54%Mg) extruded profiles for railway…

Dissimilar overlap joints between different aluminium alloys were fabricated by friction stir welding (FSW) and the influence of alloy composition and FSW tool type on fatigue fracture, microstructure and mechanical properties was investigated. The …

Several kinds of Co-based alloys with different mechanical properties (e.g. high temperature strength, hardness, wear resistance and gamma-solvus temperature) were designed for friction stir welding (FSW) tool applications by varying chemical compos…

Orientation imaging microscopy was employed to characterise the stir zone microstructure in relation to the defect formation tendency and evaluate the peak temperature at different locations in friction stir welded Ti-6%Al-4%V specimens. Welded join…

Flame resistant AZX 612 (Mg, 6%Al, 1%Zn, 2%Ca) magnesium alloy joints were fabricated by asymmetric double sided friction stir welding (FSW) and the influence of tool rotational speed on their microstructure and mechanical properties was investigate…

Welded joints were fabricated in AZ31 magnesium alloy (Mg, 3.01%Al, 0.9%Zn, 0.5%Mn) sheets (thickness 2 mm) by bobbin tool friction stir welding (BTFSW) and the influence of process parameters (rotational and welding speeds) on their microstructure …

The feasibility of short-cycle friction stir spot welding for joining thin sheet aluminium alloys and steels, both galvanised and ungalvanised, was evaluated. Welds were made between 6111-T4 AlMgSi alloy (Al, 0.75%Cu, 0.25%Fe, 0.75%Mg, 0.2%Mn, 0.69%…

The results of quality assessments, based on visual examination, mechanical testing, analysis of weld structures and hardness testing, of both similar and dissimilar friction stir welded (FSW) joints of aluminium casting alloys EN AC-42100, EN AC-43…

A fully coupled thermomechanical formulation was proposed for the numerical modelling of friction stir welding (FSW) to facilitate the efficient simulation of different types of material flows and accurate computation of the resulting thermomechanic…

With regard to the capability of ultrasonic vibration enhanced friction stir welding (UVeFSW) to improve weld formation quality as well as the microstructure and mechanical properties of the welded joints, experiments were undertaken to clarify the …

The friction stir welding (FSW) process was determined for stiffener to skin lap joints of different aluminium alloys (similar 2024 T3, similar 2139 T3 and T8, dissimilar PA 765 T79 extrusion on 2139 T8 skin) and FSW procedures with retractable pin …

Square butt welds of AA 7075-T6 sheet (thickness 1.3 or 3.2 mm) to AA 7075-T6 extrusions were fabricated by friction stir welding (FSW) procedures incorporating the controlled introduction of defects, and the impact of the defects on joint mechanica…

To assess the feasibility of friction stir welding of Ti-6Al-4V alloy (thickness 5 mm), appropriate pin tool material and processing parameters were determined, thermal and environmental management systems were tested, and both A- and B-basis design…

Two 3D numerical simulation models were employed to investigate the relationship between forces and torques during high-speed friction stir welding (FSW) with respect to mechanistic defect development owing to process parameter variations, and the t…

An investigation was undertaken to determine the strength and fracture toughness of joints fabricated by friction stir welding (FSW) in commercial X65 (0.07%C, 1.56%Mn, 0.06%Nb, 0.013%Ti) and X80 (0.05%C, 1.52%Mn, 0.26%Cr, 0.26%Cu, 0.1%Nb and 0.07%C…

Local stress-strain curves were determined from an array of spherical indents on the cross-section of the joint of a friction stir welded (FSW) high strength aluminium alloy AA 2198 sheet, in order to characterise the mechanical properties of differ…

An algorithm and procedure for controlling process zone temperature during friction stir processing are presented. The approach is based on the correlation between weld zone temperature with spindle power. A simplified thermal balance model of the w…

Friction stir butt welding experiments were conducted on S45C medium carbon steel sheets (thickness 1.5 mm) under various conditions and the microstructure and mechanical properties of the welded joints were investigated. Single run butt welding was…

A method investigated by Sweden for storage of nuclear waste in copper canisters sealed using friction stir welding (where EB welding has been used before) is described. Topics include: Nimonic 105 and Densimet sintered tungsten alloy tool; welding …