TWI Digital Library

The influence of welding tool design on the microstructure of the interface and friction stir spot welded joint between aluminium alloy and low carbon steel was investigated. Two types of welding tool were evaluated: a tool comprising a probe and sh…

A friction stir channelling process to promote a distinct material flow was developed, in which a controlled amount of viscoplasticised material from the metal workpiece flows out from the processed zone producing an internal channel without any gap…

Similar and dissimilar T-joints were made by friction stir welding (FSW) of 3 mm thickness 2024-T3 cover sheet combined with 2.5 mm thick stiffeners consisting of either 2024-T3 or 2098-T8 (stringer) material. During welding the pin penetrated the s…

An arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) formulation was developed to simulate the plunge, dwell and welding stages of the friction stir welding process using "FORGE3" finite element software, and the friction coefficients from a viscoplastic law were…

Microstructure observations and bending tests were employed to investigate the basal plane texture and room temperature formability of AZ31 magnesium alloy rolled and extruded sheets (thickness 3 mm) treated by friction stir processing (FSP). Overla…

An investigation is presented into the effect of frictional heating on joint behaviour during friction stir welding (FSW) between aluminium alloy 6063 and mild steel S45C, the cross-section microstructure of the weld interface, and the welding mecha…

The friction stir welding of dissimilar aluminium alloys for the production of aircraft structural components was investigated. Welds were made between alloys 7040 and 7449 pre-aged to obtain a defined temper after post-weld ageing. Alloy 7040 was a…

The formability of friction stir welded aluminium alloy tailored welded blanks (TWBs), as used in the automotive industry, was analysed, based on hardening exponent and anisotropy values obtained from tensile tests (parallel and normal to loading di…

An experimental study was carried out on friction stir welded aluminium alloy tailored welded blanks (TWB's) to determine mechanical properties and microstructural characteristics in order to evaluate friction stir welding (FSW) as a feasible method…

Friction stir welding (FSW) was carried out on AZ31 magnesium alloy (Mg, 3%Al, 1%Zn) plates of thickness 6 mm in order to examine the relationship between weld microtexture and tensile properties. Orientation imaging microscopy was used to examine m…

The effects of friction stir welding (FSW) parameters and tool geometry on the forces and torques generated during the FSW of four aluminium alloys were studied. The alloys were 6082-T6 (6.45 mm), 5083-H111 (6.55 mm), 2014-T6 (5.9 mm) and 7075-T7351…

The decision to use friction stir welding (FSW) in the manufacture of aluminium alloy car wheels by Simmons Wheels, Sydney, Australia is described. Rim sections are formed from alloy 6061 in thicknesses of 4-6 mm. These are attached to cast or forge…

Friction stir spot welded joints in aluminium alloy 6061-T4 were studied. Sheet of 1, 1.5, 2, and 3 mm thickness was friction stir welded to sheet of 3 mm thickness, using welds of 8-18 mm in length (equivalent in area to circular resistance spot we…

An adjustable tool was employed during friction stir welding (FSW) of A1050 pure aluminium sheets (thickness 5 mm) and the effects of the tool shoulder and probe on the stir zone shape and defect formation were investigated by changing the rotationa…

Friction stir processing (FSP) experiments were undertaken on 7B04-O aluminium alloys (Al, 6.23%Zn, 2.88%Mg, 1.58%Cu) and the evolution of microstructure and mechanical properties in the stir zone was investigated. FSP was conducted using a tool mad…

Friction stir processing (FSP) was employed to fabricate oxide dispersion strengthened copper composites and the microstructure and mechanical properties of the materials were investigated in order to clarify the effect of process parameters on mate…

Friction stir welding (FSW) experiments were undertaken on Cr-containing carbon steels (0.22%C, 0.5%Mn, 0-4%Cr) and the influence of Cr content on joint microstructure and mechanical properties was investigated. FSW was conducted at a tool rotationa…

Lap joints were fabricated in 2024-T3 aluminium alloy sheets (thickness 1 or 0.6 mm) by refill friction stir spot welding (RFSSW) and the influence of tool sleeve depth on joint quality was investigated. Welding was performed at tool depths of 1.1-1…

Butt joints were fabricated in AA 6061-T6511 aluminium alloys by friction stir welding (FSW) and the influence of the welding equipment rigidity on their microstructure and mechanical properties was investigated. The experimental set-up incorporated…

Butt joints were fabricated in a Ruuki Optim 700 MC Plus microalloyed low carbon high strength complex phase steel (0.06%C, 1.79%Mn, 0.01%V, 0.08%Nb, 0.11%Ti) using one-sided and two-sided friction stir welding in order to investigate the difference…