TWI Digital Library

Variations in microstructure in friction stir welds in AA 7449 (Al, 2.2%Mg, 8.2%Zn, 1.7%Cu, 0.12%Si, 0.15%Fe, 0.2%Mn, 0.05%Cr, 0.25 T plus Zr) in the initially overaged (T7) condition were studied. Isothermal heat treatments were conducted at 350 an…

Experimental measurements and thermal modelling were used to determine the transient heat loss into friction stir welding tools and so calculate the welding efficiency. Energy inputs were determined from force and torque measurements made whilst per…

Experimental methods were developed to track material flow and mixing during the friction stir welding (FSW) process. Experiments were conducted with butt joints of 6.35 mm (0.25 in) thickness 7050-T7451 aluminium alloy plates. The FSW tool was H13 …

Alternative friction stir welding tool shoulder materials to improve welding speed and quality were evaluated. The materials, which were compared with tool steel using a tool designed for exchangeable shoulder inserts, were: nitrided tool steel, Inc…

Multi-material structure is effective way to achieve lightening of vehicles for reduction of CO2 emission. Thus, carbon fiber reinforced thermo-plastic (CFRTP) and aluminum alloy (Al) are useful materials for lightening of vehicles. For fabrication …

With regard to the production of aluminium alloy T joints for stiffened panel construction by friction stir welding (FSW), an investigation is presented into the fabrication of FSW T joints with AA 6082-T6 alloys and the influence of welding paramet…

Simultaneous double-sided friction stir welding (DFSW) experiments were undertaken on AMX 602 alloys (Mg, 6%Al, 0.5%Mn, 2%Ca) and the influence of diverse material flows caused by differing process parameters (rotation direction and travel speed) an…

Friction stir welding was employed to fabricate dissimilar joints between 5A06-H112 aluminium alloy (Al, 5.8-6.8%Mg, 0.5-0.8%Mn) and 304L stainless steel (0.03%C, 18-20%Cr, 8-11%Ni) and material flow behaviour was investigated by microstructure obse…

With regard to the fabrication of hollow structures by the inversion friction stir welding (IV-FSW) technique, welded joints were fabricated in A-1050 and A-6061 aluminium alloy and SPCC steel sheets (thickness 2 mm) by IV-FSW and their surface appe…

Defects and their mitigation associated with the fabrication of fluid-cooled aluminium alloy heatsinks for electronic applications are discussed. The heatsink consisted of an aluminium alloy 6063 substrate (310 x 300 mm) with a series of rectangular…

Arcan tests (pure tensile, pure shear and mixed tensile/shear loads) were performed on parent material (6056-T78 aluminium alloy) and friction stir welded (FSW) specimens for comparison purposes and to assess the capability of strain field measureme…

Friction stir welding (FSW) experiments were performed on 6005A-T6 (Al, 0.49%Mg, 0.61%Si) alloy plates (thickness 6 mm) using a fully instrumented CNC milling machine, and the microstructure and mechanical properties of the welded joints were invest…

Stationary shoulder friction stir welding (SSFSW) and conventional FSW experiments were undertaken on AA 7050-T7651 alloy plates (thickness 6.3 mm) to demonstrate the advantages of SSFSW with respect to surface finish, thermal profile symmetry, HAZ …

Based on a friction model incorporating the dynamic coupling between friction and material flow in heat transfer and fluid flow models, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methodology was employed to study material flow during friction stir welding…

A stop-action technique was used to stop tool motion during friction stir welding of aluminium alloys in order to study the interactions between the parent material and welding tool pin in the keyhole. Welds were made in 25 mm thick Al-Cu-Li 2195 pl…

This paper describes the joining criterion for lap joining of dissimilar metal materials of aluminum and stainless steel by friction stir. A criterion for evaluating the joined state or non-joined state is proposed, which is led by the concept based…

Aluminium alloy fusion welds were modified by friction stir processing (FSP) as a function of FSP location and tool design, and differences between the FSP locations and tools were quantified by microstructure and mechanical property measurements (u…

As part of a project to develop a physical-mathematical model and software for thermal simulation of the friction stir welding (FSW) process, an initial version "FricSim2.2" was created and verified, using the software tool "SpotFSW" to convert the …

The incorporation of strips of copper foil in friction stir welded aluminium alloy plate was evaluated for flow visualisation without disturbing the welding process. The strips, of 0.1 mm thickness, were placed in various longitudinal and transverse…

The design and construction of a prototype fixture and a corner fixture for making 90 degree corner joints in aluminium alloys by friction stir welding (FSW) are described. The requirements for a FSW weld fixture are outlined. The fixtures were test…