TWI Digital Library

A non weldable to weldable (N2W) methodology is presented in which friction stir welding (FSW) is used to join a non weldable (but highly wear resistant) material to a weldable material (e.g. a steel insert positioned within the wear resistant mater…

Friction stir welding (FSW) has been used to weld aluminum alloys such as 7075 to 7075, which is considered not weldable by most other methods. In this application FSW was used to join two dissimilar aluminum alloys 7075 and 6N pure copper in a lap …

Friction stir welding experiments were undertaken on thin sheet specimens (thickness 0.8 mm) of 5754-H111 alloys (Al, 2.7%Mg) in a butt joint configuration, and the influence of process conditions on microstructural, mechanical and corrosion propert…

A real-time wireless temperature measurement system was developed to facilitate improved temperature measurement at the tool-workpiece interface and a closed-loop control system for friction stir welding (FSW) that maintains weld quality under vario…

With regard to the production of wear resistant friction stir welding (FSW) tools by laser implantation of ceramic particles, an investigation was undertaken to examine the effect of laser implantation on tool surface hardness, abrasive wear and lif…

Friction stir welding (FSW) trials were carried out for thin HSLA-65 steel plate (6 mm thickness) to evaluate the potential benefits of using induction preheat. Other studies including tool design and multi-run welding are also evaluated as methods …

Dissimilar butt joints between A516 steel (0.15%C, 0.95%Mn, 0.03%Cr, 0.01%Ni, 0.29%Al) and Inconel 625 (Ni, 22.6%Cr, 9.4%Mo, 3.5%Nb) were fabricated by friction stir welding and recrystallisation and texture properties were investigated. Welding was…

An extensive study of friction stir welding (FSW) of HSLA-65 steel plate (thickness 6 mm) was undertaken, incorporating defect-free friction stir butt welding at a travel speed of 3.4 mm/s, the achievement of low/no distortion FSW by employing appro…

Multi-material structure is effective way to achieve lightening of vehicles for reduction of CO2 emission. Thus, carbon fiber reinforced thermo-plastic (CFRTP) and aluminum alloy (Al) are useful materials for lightening of vehicles. For fabrication …

Friction stir welding (FSW) experiments were undertaken on sheet specimens (thickness 4 mm) of AISI 304 stainless steel (17.5-19.5%Cr, 8-10.5%Ni) using different uncoated and coated tungsten and WC-based tools, and tool wear and failure mechanisms w…

A friction stir spot welding process variant was evaluated, which was intended to remove the hole left in the weld when the probe is removed, and consequently improve weld properties. In the two-step procedure, first a backing plate was used that ha…

Ultrasonic immersion or laser ultrasonics combined with the synthetic aperture focusing technique (SAFT) and a pulsed eddy current technique were evaluated as NDE methods for the detection of defects specific to friction stir welding (FSW). Measurem…

A cathodic hydrogen charging method was employed to investigate hydrogen embrittlement in the parent metal and stir zones of friction stir welded SK4 high carbon steel (0.95%C, 0.42%Mn, 0.15%Cr) sheet specimens (thickness 2 mm). Welding was conducte…

With regard to the production of aluminium alloy T joints for stiffened panel construction by friction stir welding (FSW), an investigation is presented into the fabrication of FSW T joints with AA 6082-T6 alloys and the influence of welding paramet…

In relation to the implementation of friction stir welding (FSW) for stringer-skin type lap joint fabrication in aeronautical applications, an investigation is presented into the overlap welding of an extruded profile AA 7050-T7651 aluminium alloy s…

Friction stir welding (FSW) was employed to fabricate hybrid joints between wrought AA 5454 aluminium alloys and AZ 91 die cast magnesium alloys, and the weldability, microstructure, mechanical properties, corrosion and fracture behaviour of the wel…

With regard to the need to control process temperature in friction stir welding to enhance process stability and weldment mechanical properties, a feedforward feedback control system was designed based on two nonlinear single input single output (SI…

Friction stir welding (FSW) experiments were undertaken on 4142 low alloy and S7 tool steels as well as dissimilar steel combinations and the microstructure and mechanical properties of the welded joints were investigated. FSW was conducted using an…

Simultaneous double-sided friction stir welding (DFSW) experiments were undertaken on AMX 602 alloys (Mg, 6%Al, 0.5%Mn, 2%Ca) and the influence of diverse material flows caused by differing process parameters (rotation direction and travel speed) an…

With regard to the development of 9%Ni steels for cryogenic applications, an investigation was undertaken into the metallurgical weldability of ASTM A553 Type I steel (0.08%C, 0.73%Mn, 9.4%Ni) joined by double-sided two-run friction stir welding (FS…