TWI Digital Library

An experimental study was carried out to investigate the properties of FSW joints in AA-6056 aluminium alloy, looking at the effects of surface preparation, tool geometry and welding speed and the correlation between these factors. FSW was carried o…

Lap joints were fabricated in 2024-T3 aluminium alloy sheets (thickness 1 or 0.6 mm) by refill friction stir spot welding (RFSSW) and the influence of tool sleeve depth on joint quality was investigated. Welding was performed at tool depths of 1.1-1…

Low temperature friction stir welding (FSW) was employed to join three types of carbon steels and the effects of carbon content, process conditions and phase transformations on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the welded joints were i…

To study the feasibility of SFW (spot stir friction welding) with adhesive, a process that is also called spot friction weld-bonding, aluminium 6111-T4 coupons (25x100 mm, thickness 0.9 and 1.0 mm) were used to produce SFW specimens in a lap shear c…

Friction stir processing (FSP) experiments were undertaken on 7B04-O aluminium alloys (Al, 6.23%Zn, 2.88%Mg, 1.58%Cu) and the evolution of microstructure and mechanical properties in the stir zone was investigated. FSP was conducted using a tool mad…

An adjustable tool was employed during friction stir welding (FSW) of A1050 pure aluminium sheets (thickness 5 mm) and the effects of the tool shoulder and probe on the stir zone shape and defect formation were investigated by changing the rotationa…

The principles of friction stir welding (FSW) are outlined. The research and development of FSW technology in Japan is reviewed. Japan has concentrated on the 6xxx series of aluminium alloys. Research relating to thermal cycles of FSW and heat input…

An environmental comparison of friction stir welding (FSW) and MIG welding is presented in aluminium railway rolling stock for the following aspects: material consumption, energy consumption, work environment, emissions and waste, and need of transp…

Friction stir welding was conducted on Al alloy 6005A-T6 plates of 6 mm thickness. The power input was determined from torque measurements. The effects of advancing speed and rotation speed on total power input were examined. Thermal cycles were mea…

Numerical simulation of the friction stir welding (FSW) process was undertaken by means of an arbitrary-Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) formulation and a fully coupled thermomechanical analysis was performed to account for the heat flux generated by plast…

A 3D computational fluid dynamics model was developed to conduct numerical simulations of heat generation, material flow and temperature profiles during reverse dual-rotation friction stir welding, a process variant in which the tool pin and the ass…

The effects of friction stir welding (FSW) tool geometry on material flow during the welding of 4 mm aluminium alloys 2024-T51 and 6056-T4 were investigated. Welds were made using three different welding tool pins (conical non-threaded profile, coni…

An abrasion circle friction stir spot welding (ABC-FSSW) technique was employed to fabricate dissimilar metal joints between aluminium and steel automotive sheets, and the microstructure, mechanical properties and weld formation mechanisms of the jo…

A friction stir processing (FSP) technique was employed to fabricate D2 steel hunting knife blades with long-life cutting edge retention, and blade integrity tests were undertaken. The FSP tool design was a convex scroll shoulder step spiral and the…

A description is presented of the self reacting friction stir welding (SR-FSW) process and the specially designed welding head; results are reported from tests determining the mechanical properties of SR-FSW welds in AA-2219 and AA-2195 aluminium al…

This study addresses the challenges of predicting joint efficiency for friction stir welding (FSW). It adopts a data driven approach, leveraging data analytics to develop accurate predictive models. A database of 1780 records from diverse aluminium …

Similar overlap and dissimilar butt joints were fabricated by friction stir spot joining of AA 6061-T6 (Al, 1-1.1%Mg, 0.66-0.67%Si) and AA 5052-H34 (Al, 2.58%Mg) sheets of thickness 1 and 2 mm, respectively, and microstructural analysis was used to …

The friction stir welding (FSW) process was determined for stiffener to skin lap joints of different aluminium alloys (similar 2024 T3, similar 2139 T3 and T8, dissimilar PA 765 T79 extrusion on 2139 T8 skin) and FSW procedures with retractable pin …

A model which considers heat transfer to both tool and workpiece was developed to predict temperature distributions for the friction stir welding (FSW) process. The model assumes a cylindrical pin generating heat at the interface by friction, and th…

Experiments were conducted to compare heat input and weld hardness in friction stir welding (FSW) and MIG welding of aluminium alloy. Material A-6N01-T5 (Al, 0.8%Mg, 0.6%Si) of thickness 4 mm was used. The heat inputs were measured by calorimetry. H…