TWI Digital Library

Friction stir welding experiments were conducted on plate specimens (thickness 6 mm) of AA 2219 aluminium alloys (Al, 6.48%Cu, 0.32%Mn) and the crystallographic texture and deformation behaviour of the weld zones (HAZ, thermomechanically affected zo…

Dissimilar joints between half-hard phosphorus deoxidised copper and annealed wrought AA 5083 alloys (Al, 4-4.9%Mg, 0.4-1%Mn) were fabricated by friction stir spot welding and the influence of process parameters on joint microstructure and mechanica…

A method for incorporating local material property gradients across the weld zone in finite element simulations of friction stir welded 2139-T8 aluminium alloys was developed to predict the time evolution of strain. Local material flow stress was de…

Friction stir welding (FSW) was conducted on high-strength pipe steel plates (thickness 12.7 mm) using commercially pure tungsten, tungsten-rhenium (W, 25%Re) and polycrystalline cubic boron nitride pin tools; mechanical properties of the welded joi…

Dissimilar joints between the aluminium alloys 2017A-T451 (Al, 4.14%Cu, 0.72%Mg, 0.68%Si, 0.6%Mn) and AlSi9Mg (Al, 8.6%Si, 0.31%Mg, 0.34%Mn) were fabricated by friction stir welding and computerised microtomography was employed to visualise defects.…

With regard to the development of the MELD process (formerly, additive friction stir deposition) involving the deposition of feedstock material on a substrate via a hollow rotating tool, a mesh-free coupled thermomechanical approach called smoothed …

WC, 12%Co cemented carbide layers were deposited onto M2 tool steel (0.8-0.88%C, 3.8-4.5%Cr, 4.7-5.2%Mo, 5.9-6.7%W, 1.7-2.1%V) substrates by HVOF spraying and the effect of subsequent friction stir processing (FSP) on bonding strength and cermet coa…

A round robin investigation was made to determine if defects found using the non-destructive evaluation (NDE) techniques of ultrasonic phased array and x-ray inspection, can be identified by a real-time, feedback-based friction stir weld analysis to…

Weld production tests were conducted using friction stir welding (FSW) and MIG processes for the production of aluminium panels. Production times were measured using a 2 m long double-skinned EN AW 6005 A-profile joint as the basic unit. Welding spe…

The thermal stability of the microstructure in the plastically deformed region of aluminium alloy friction stir welds was investigated. Alloys 6082-T6 (Al, 0.62-0.70%Mg, 0.95-1.05%Si, 0.50-0.57%Mn, 0.15-0.23%Fe) and 7108-T79 (Al, 5.20-5.70%Zn, 0.70-…

To overcome the limitations associated with conventional friction stir welding, particularly for complex shaped large structures, the bobbin tool technique was developed and demonstrated on various aluminium alloys (4-15 mm thickness range), the tec…

Annealed AISI 420 martensitic stainless steel (0.46%C, 0.3%Mn, 13.8%Cr) sheets (thickness 3 mm) were subjected to dry or wet friction stir processing (FSP) and the correlation between microstructure, hardness and process parameters was investigated.…

An investigation is presented into the effects of process parameters (welding and rotational speeds) during friction stir welding (FSW) on the hardness and tensile properties of welded joints fabricated in butt configuration sheet specimens (thickne…

Friction stir processing (FSP) experiments were undertaken on three Ni-based alloys (Alloy 625 (Ni, 21.6%Cr, 8.6%Mo, 3.7%Fe), Alloy 718 (Ni, 23.7%Fe, 18.1%Cr, 3.1%Mo, 1%Ti) and Hastelloy X (Ni, 21.3%Cr, 19.2%Fe, 8.3%Mo)) using a W-Re tool, process p…

An investigation is presented into the metallurgical features of welded joints in various structural aluminium alloys prepared by friction stir welding (FSW) and into the microstructure and hardness distribution of the weld zone. The experimental sp…

The application of friction stir welding to the construction of airframe structures of precipitation-hardened aluminium alloys, using butt, lap and T-joints, is described. A landing gear strut door was manufactured by welding an Alclad 7075-T6 skin …

A fully integrated approach to facilitate optimisation of the friction stir welding (FSW) process was developed, incorporating a model for the FSW process, coupling material flow and thermal analysis, a model for precipitation evolution, a microstru…

The results of two testing programmes dealing with the metallurgical and mechanical properties of friction stir weldments (thickness 6 and 25 mm) in the aluminium alloys 2024, 5083, 6082/6060 and 7075 are reported, and a systematic study of the key …

A slide presentation outlining the development of a low cost transportable friction stir welding machine for use in stiffened panel production in shipyards. The development of the use of fixed geometry bobbin tools and of specifically designed equip…

An investigation is presented into the influence of tool flats, tool runout magnitude and relative tool runout orientation on the high speed forces acting transversely and longitudinally on the friction stir welding tool. Partial penetration bead-on…