TWI Digital Library

Friction stir spot welded joints in aluminium alloy 6061-T4 were studied. Sheet of 1, 1.5, 2, and 3 mm thickness was friction stir welded to sheet of 3 mm thickness, using welds of 8-18 mm in length (equivalent in area to circular resistance spot we…

Thermodynamic modelling and experimental measurements were employed to investigate the influence of intermetallic compound formation on the shear strength of dissimilar joints between an aluminium alloy and ultra-high strength steel fabricated by fr…

The effects of friction stir welding (FSW) on the microstructure, hardness, residual stress state and grain distribution of 2124 Al-SiC composite alloy were investigated. The composite was of AMC225xe aerospace AW2124 alloy reinforced with 25% SiC p…

The friction stir weldability of the dissimilar materials copper and aluminium alloy was studied, assessing the effects of different process parameters (rotation and traverse speeds, rotation direction (Cu or Al on advancing side), displacement and …

A report is presented into the development of a refill friction stir spot welding (FSSW) robot system, performance evaluation with respect to FSSW of aircraft aluminium alloys, and fabrication of full-scale aircraft production components. The FSSW r…

The results of a programme to establish self reacting friction stir welding for thin gauge (less than 3 mm) aluminium alloy applications are reported divided into the five major phases: tool development; joint evaluation; strength optimisation; prot…

A friction stir spot welding process variant was evaluated, which was intended to remove the hole left in the weld when the probe is removed, and consequently improve weld properties. In the two-step procedure, first a backing plate was used that ha…

Friction stir welding (FSW) experiments were undertaken on sheet specimens (thickness 4 mm) of AISI 304 stainless steel (17.5-19.5%Cr, 8-10.5%Ni) using different uncoated and coated tungsten and WC-based tools, and tool wear and failure mechanisms w…

Conventional friction stir welding (FSW), hybrid FSW and thermal stir welding were evaluated and compared for the joining of a nickel-based superalloy Haynes 230. Welds were made in Haynes 230 NiCrW alloy (20-24%Cr, 13-15%W, 6.4 mm thickness), an in…

Friction stir welding (FSW) was employed to fabricate hybrid joints between wrought AA 5454 aluminium alloys and AZ 91 die cast magnesium alloys, and the weldability, microstructure, mechanical properties, corrosion and fracture behaviour of the wel…

Guidance notes devised for Lloyd's Register of Shipping surveyors for use in the quality assurance of friction stir welded aluminium alloys are presented.The notes cover: welding equipment, materials welded, and welding requirements (weld qualificat…

An experimental investigation was undertaken into the preparation and mechanical properties of two candidate substitutes to MP 159 Ni-Co alloy as tool materials for friction stir welding of high strength aluminium alloys. The alloys studied were "Ae…

In relation to the development of friction stir welding (FSW) technology for railway rolling stock manufacture in China, an investigation is presented into the microstructure and mechanical properties of AA 6005A-T6 aluminium alloy (Al, 0.56%Mg, 0.7…

Dissimilar butt and lap joints between AA 5083-H111 or AA 6082-T6 aluminium alloys and copper were fabricated by friction stir welding and morphological, metallographic and structural analyses were undertaken on weldments made under a range of proce…

A series of models was used to study weld formation in 6000-series aluminium alloy in the friction stir welding process. Weld formation was considered as three separate thermomechanical processes: coupled friction heat generation; plastic flow slip …

Friction stir welding was used to produce a space shuttle external barrel section of 2195-T8 Al-Cu-Li alloy. Seven panels (joint thickness of 8.1 mm (0.32 in)) were joined to form a barrel 8.4 m (27.5 ft) in diameter and 4.6 m (15 ft) long. A comput…

Friction stir welding experiments were conducted on plate specimens (thickness 6 mm) of AA 2219 aluminium alloys (Al, 6.48%Cu, 0.32%Mn) and the crystallographic texture and deformation behaviour of the weld zones (HAZ, thermomechanically affected zo…

Dissimilar joints between half-hard phosphorus deoxidised copper and annealed wrought AA 5083 alloys (Al, 4-4.9%Mg, 0.4-1%Mn) were fabricated by friction stir spot welding and the influence of process parameters on joint microstructure and mechanica…

An investigation is presented into the occurrence of a grey line in x-ray diffraction of friction stir welded joints of AA 2024-T62 aluminium alloys, and its influence on mechanical and fatigue properties. Welding in 2 mm sheet was performed using a…

The velocity field in the shear layer surrounding the tool/matrix interface in friction stir welding (FSW) was used to characterise material flow and was investigated by x-ray/computational tomography (CT) marker material experiments as well as anal…