TWI Digital Library

A thermal numerical 3D model to predict temperature and machine torque values for bobbin tool friction stir welding (FSW) is presented. The model includes a 3D representation of the work piece, clamping and bobbin tool. The heat transported by the t…

A computational fluid dynamics package, FLUENT, was used to model the viscous material flow during friction stir welding using two- and three-dimensional tool shapes. Two approaches were used to describe the viscosity. The first approach interpolate…

Friction stir welding experiments were undertaken on carbon manganese steel plates (thickness 6 mm) in order to map the internal temperature distribution, assess the effects of minimal plate preparation and investigate the microstructures and mechan…

The hybrid friction stir channelling (HFSC) technique was employed to produce, in one action, a channel and a joint between dissimilar thickness overlapping Al plates and dissimilar Al-Cu plates, and the microstructural and geometrical features of t…

Single run friction stir welding (FSW) experiments were undertaken on plate specimens (thickness 6 mm) of 7A60-T6 aluminium alloys (Al, 8.89%Zn, 2.74%Mg, 2.26%Cu) and the relationship between process parameters, microstructure and mechanical propert…

This paper describes the goals and initial progress of the research project titled "qualification of micro friction stir spot welding for cell-internal contacting of large-format battery cells in a battery production environment (μKoBatt)", which…

Friction stir welding (FSW) was employed to fabricate a single overlap joint between sheet specimens (thickness 1.5 mm) of an AA 6181-T4 aluminium alloy and ZStE-340 high-strength steel, and weld phase composition, microstructure and mechanical prop…

Friction stir welding experiments between AA 6063 aluminium alloy and S45C carbon steel (thickness 6 mm) were performed, and the effects of heat input on the butt joint macrostructure (cavities formed at weld interface), hardness and plastic flow of…

The relationship between microstructure and properties in friction stir welding was studied. The effects of grain size, particle size and distribution, and dislocation density on weld strength in friction stir welds in work-hardenable Al alloy AA 52…

Modelling tools were developed to describe the relationships between process parameters, microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of the weld in friction stir welding (FSW). Experiments were conducted using aluminium alloy 6056. Initial t…

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods were used to model the metal flow in the friction stir welding (FSW) process in order to optimise the pin profile to minimise the traversing force; welding experiments were carried out to validate the findi…

The influence of friction stir welding on the microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminium alloy 6061 was investigated. Aluminium alloy 6061-T651 plate of 6.4 mm (0.25 in) thickness was friction stir welded and the joints characterised by o…

The deformation behaviour and microstructural evolution of friction stir processed Zn, 22%Al rolled sheet (thickness 3 mm) were compared with those of the corresponding superplastic alloy. Friction stir processing was performed at a rotational speed…

Dissimilar joints between 6061-T4 aluminium alloy and S45C steel sheets (thickness 1.6 mm and 1 mm, respectively) were fabricated by the friction stir clinching technique using two types of tools and their mechanical properties and failure modes wer…

Dissimilar lap joints were fabricated between 6022 aluminium alloy and SPCC low carbon steel using friction stir welding (FSW) and the effect of probe tip position on microstructure and mechanical properties was investigated. FSW was performed at a …

A friction stir welding (FSW) procedure, incorporating the use of different tool pins in combination with concave or scroll type shoulders, was employed to join various aluminium alloys; material flow was investigated with the aid of computer micro-…

A feasibility study is presented for the joining of mild steel plates (0.2%C, 0.11%Si, 0.63%Mn) of 12 mm in thickness by friction stir welding (FSW). Process optimisation using a combination of operating parameters and tool geometries is discussed, …

Local stress-strain curves were determined from an array of spherical indents on the cross-section of the joint of a friction stir welded (FSW) high strength aluminium alloy AA 2198 sheet, in order to characterise the mechanical properties of differ…

The material flow and microstructural evolution during friction stir processing of A356 cast alloy (Al, 7%Si, 0.3%Mg, 6.4 mm thickness) using tools of H13 tool steel were investigated. The deformation and microstructure in the stir zone were studied…

The material flow in dissimilar material friction stir welding (FSW) between AA 6063 alloy (Al, 0.5%Mg, 0.43%Si) and S45C carbon steel (0.43%C, 0.25%Si, 0.77%Mn) was investigated by determining the 3D forces acting on the welded joint and the intern…