TWI Digital Library

Friction stir welding trials, comprising double-sided butt welding of plates of thickness 10-11 mm, were conducted to investigate the weldability of copper and its alloys and to determine the correct process parameters (welding and rotation speeds) …

In relation to the application of ferritic/martensitic steels as cladding and duct materials in advanced nuclear reactors, an investigation is presented into the friction stir welding of P91 high alloy steel (0.11%C, 0.45%Mn, 8.41%Cr, 0.96%Mo) plate…

With regard to the development of spin-formed domes for aerospace cryogenic fuel storage tanks, an investigation is presented into a friction stir welding (FSW) process for AA 2219 and AA 2195 aluminium alloys and the influence of FSW tool and proce…

This study investigates the impact of process parameters on FSW of AISI 304 stainless steel hemispheres of various diameters without internal support. Optical microscopy was employed to investigate joint macrostructure, defect formation, and weld pe…

Fatigue testing was performed on welds joining AA2024 (AI4.5Cu1.4 Mg0.5Mn) alloy to TI6Al4V alloy by having AA100 strip as an interlayer utilizing friction stir lap welding (FSLW). During FSLW, the pin bottom was aimed not to touching the Ti6Al4V pl…

A modified Gleeble hot torsion test was used to simulate the stir zone microstructures in types 304L and 310 stainless steels obtained during friction stir welding (FSW). A Gleeble 3800 with a torsion mobile conversion unit was used to perform the t…

A short review is presented of the development of a friction stir welding process for steel and other hard metals using W-Re tool materials to produce repeatable, thick-section welds with minimal tool deformation. Issues discussed include: W, 25%Re …

Friction stir welding of aluminium alloy JIS-6N01-T5 (Al, 0.4-0.8%Mg, 0.4-0.9%Si) was investigated for subway [underground railway] rolling stock applications by comparing the welded joint properties with those of MIG and laser welded joints. Sheet …

Forces experienced by the pin and the workpiece during friction stir welding were measured and used to design a friction stir welding machine which would accept a curved workpiece fed through the machine by hand. Forces in three perpendicular direct…

Friction stir welding (FSW) was employed to weld Mo and Ti sheets (thickness 1.5 and 2 mm, respectively), the effects of process conditions on weldability as well as mechanical properties and microstructure of joints was investigated, and the import…

A friction stir welding (FSW) process map for AA 7075-T6 aluminium alloy (Al, 5.1-6.1%Zn, 2.1-2.9%Mg, 1.2-2%Cu) was determined using combined NDT techniques such as visual inspection, dye penetrant testing, X-ray radiography and ultrasonic testing a…

A methodology to facilitate cost-effective friction stir welding (FSW) of large and complex 3D structures is presented based on a parallel kinematic machine concept called Pentapod, and welding trial results for spherical structures and dissimilar m…

In relation to weight and cost saving on spaceflight pressure vessels, two friction stir lap welding methods were demonstrated on large-scale thin-gauge hardware and evaluated with respect to tooling and tooling cost reduction, lap joint stiffness a…

An experimental investigation was conducted to examine weldability, material thickness, welding speed and joint geometry aspects of robotic friction stir welding (FSW) of aluminium alloy aircraft structures. An ABB IRB7600-500 serial design robot wa…

Weld initiation experiments were undertaken on various Al-Mg(-Si) alloy extrusions to develop fixed-gap bobbin tool designs and process procedures to facilitate friction stir welding (FSW) of sheet specimens as thin as 3 mm. The alloy grades studied…

An investigation was undertaken to evaluate friction stir processing (FSP) as a repair technique for AA 7075-T6 aluminium alloys and to examine the mechanical and fatigue performance of the repaired joints for applications such as repair of MIG and …

Friction stir welding of UK Ministry of Defence Def Stan 95-22 7017 aluminium alloy (Al, 4.5%Zn, 2.0%Mg) armour plate was evaluated by studying the mechanical properties and cracking of welded joints. Initially plate of 10 mm thickness, locally redu…

The StiRoLight Research project (carried out in conjunction with SAAB, ESAB and Volvo) to investigate the use of an industrial robot for friction stir welding of aluminium alloys in the automobile industry, is outlined and studies of path deviations…

Friction stir welding (FSW) experiments were conducted on Ti-6%Al-4%V (Ti, 6.32%Al, 4.08%V) and SP-700 (Ti, 4.37%Al, 2.93%V, 1.91%Fe, 1.9%Mo) alloy sheets (thickness 2 mm) in order to investigate the effect of process conditions on joint microstruct…

Friction stir spot welding (FSSW) experiments were undertaken on sheet specimens of similar and dissimilar combinations of AA 2024-T3 (thickness 1.27 mm), AA 2024-O (2.2 mm) and AA 7075-T6 (1.27 mm) aluminium alloys under various process conditions,…