TWI Digital Library

Friction stir welding (FSW) experiments were undertaken on stacked laminates of pure copper and 60/40 brass (60%Cu, 40%Zn) to investigate material flow patterns and microstructural changes during welding. FSW was conducted using a threaded MX Tri-fl…

Friction stir welding (FSW) was employed to fabricate dissimilar joints between 1060 aluminium alloys and commercially pure Cu under various process conditions and microstructure and mechanical properties studies were conducted to investigate interm…

Low temperature post weld ageing heat treatment, with and without deep cryogenic pretreatment, was applied to friction stir welded joints of 2024-T351 (Al, 4.3%Cu, 1.6%Mg, 0.7%Mn) alloys, and the microstructure and mechanical properties of the joint…

A conceptual model was developed to describe the relationship between process variables and physical properties such as spindle torque, heat generation and workpiece temperature distribution for friction stir welding of aluminium alloys. The materia…

SiC particles, multi-walled carbon nanotubes and C60 fullerene were dispersed in an AZ31 alloy matrix by friction stir processing (FSP) and the microstructure and mechanical properties of the surface composites were investigated. The FSP conditions …

The material flows of aluminium and steel during friction stir welding were visualised in three dimensions using x-ray transmission radiographic real-time imaging. The movement of a miniature spherical tungsten tracer during welding was visualised u…

With regard to the dependence of shoulder friction generation in bobbin friction stir welding on the interference (compression) between the substrate and the tool, an investigation was undertaken into the effects of different interference (compressi…

An experimental investigation was conducted into the friction stir welding (FSW) of 6 mm thickness aluminium alloy AA6082-T6 using welding conditions slightly outside the common process window. The microstructure, quality and fatigue strength of the…

A comprehensive microstructural investigation, incorporating SEM, TEM, STEM (scanning transmission electron microscopy) and EBSD (electron backscattering diffraction), was undertaken on PM 2000 (Fe, 20%Cr, 5.5%Al, 0.5%Ti, 0.5%Y2O3) ODS (oxide disper…

The design, fabrication and evaluation of a portable friction stir welding (FSW) system for the in-situ field repair of aluminium structures to a depth of 6 mm is reported. The conceptual design of the FSW machine was produced using a dual-track app…

A mobile friction stir welding (FSW) machine, comprising a self-contained truck with four wheels, was proposed for use when welding large structural members made from aluminium alloys and the concept was verified by welding trials using a prototype …

The development and experimental validation of a finite element model ("DEFORM-3D" software) for friction stir welding (FSW) of 7XXX series aluminium alloys (e.g. AA-7075) with varying pin angle and advancing speed are described, and application of …

An investigation is presented into the joint efficiency and tensile properties of welded joints in various structural aluminium alloys prepared by friction stir welding (FSW), looking at the effects of compositional differences in the parent metals …

A presentation is made of a successful demonstration of the friction stir welding (FSW) of steel capabilities in a shipyard production facility, summarising the equipment, fixturing and tooling requirements. HSLA-65 steel panels (17m x 2.4m), 6mm th…

A friction stir welding (FSW) process based on the use of a self-reacting pin tool (SRPT) was developed for the joining of solid and hollow extrusions for aluminium railway car body structures; the mechanical properties of welded joints were investi…

Butt joints were fabricated in AA 2219-T87 aluminium alloy panels (thickness 6.35 mm) by friction stir welding (FSW), and force data collected during welding were analysed using an unsupervised matched filter technique to classify weldment segments …

A method investigated by Sweden for storage of nuclear waste in copper canisters sealed using friction stir welding (where EB welding has been used before) is described. Topics include: Nimonic 105 and Densimet sintered tungsten alloy tool; welding …

The numerical simulation of the friction stir welding process using two different commercial finite element codes is described. FORGE3, which uses an updated Lagrangian approach, was used to simulate the plunge of the pin and the THERCAST package, w…

Evaluation of phased array ultrasonic inspection for the detection of typical friction stir weld defects is reported. Characteristics of friction stir welds with respect to inspectability are described. Phased array operation is outlined. A variety …

Friction stir welded joints in aluminium alloy 6061-T6 sheet were produced using a robot arm, to assess the ability of the arm to withstand the mechanical stresses associated with friction stir welding. The arm was fitted with an electrically powere…